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A large British survey is being conducted to identify sources of occupational exposure to hand-transmitted and whole-body vibration, and to estimate the approximate extent of such exposures and their health effects. The principal ...
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A large British survey is being conducted to identify sources of occupational exposure to hand-transmitted and whole-body vibration, and to estimate the approximate extent of such exposures and their health effects. The principal information on exposures and morbidity will be derived from responses to a postal questionnaire specially developed by the Medical Research Council and the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Southampton University. In this paper some of the underlying considerations are described and the iterative process of consultation, refinement and field testing employed in the questionnaire's development. The questionnaire is fully documented in an accompanying appendix. (C) 1998 Academic Press. [References: 11]
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Steady-state flowsheet simulations can be too complex to be amenable to direct optimization. An indirect route involves data collection from the simulation and fitting of less complex surrogates: metamodels, which are more readily...
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Steady-state flowsheet simulations can be too complex to be amenable to direct optimization. An indirect route involves data collection from the simulation and fitting of less complex surrogates: metamodels, which are more readily optimized. The use of metamodels allows the optimization to proceed while requiring only a small number of solutions to be obtained from the simulation. This paper describes a general methodology for optimization of process simulations via metamodeling. Implementation issues surrounding the data collection and model generation phases of the methodology are identified. Examples of effective techniques are given. [References: 42]
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? 2021, The Author(s).In the original version of this article, the given name and family name of Graziano Onder were interchanged. The corrected author list is given above. The original article has been corrected.
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The use of metamodels allows the optimization of steady-state flowsheet simulations to proceed while requiring only a small number of solutions to be obtained from the simulation. This paper presents the techniques needed to optim...
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The use of metamodels allows the optimization of steady-state flowsheet simulations to proceed while requiring only a small number of solutions to be obtained from the simulation. This paper presents the techniques needed to optimize the metamodel forms described by Palmer and Realff. Through a case study, we exemplify characteristics of the solution process and demonstrate the strength of the metamodeling approach. The operating cost of an ammonia synthesis plant is optimized over six input variables using a total of only 32 solutions of the plant simulation as data for the metamodels. [References: 13]
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? 2023. The Author(s).PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a dramatic trigger that has challenged the intrinsic capacity of older adults and of society. Due to the consequences for the older population worldwide, the Special In...
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? 2023. The Author(s).PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a dramatic trigger that has challenged the intrinsic capacity of older adults and of society. Due to the consequences for the older population worldwide, the Special Interest Group on Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) of the European Geriatric Medicine Society (EuGMS) took the initiative of collecting evidence on the usefulness of the CGA-based multidimensional approach to older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A narrative review of the most relevant articles published between January 2020 and November 2022 that focused on the multidimensional assessment of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: Current evidence supports the critical role of the multidimensional approach to identify older adults hospitalized with COVID-19 at higher risk of longer hospitalization, functional decline, and short-term mortality. This approach appears to also be pivotal for the adequate stratification and management of the post-COVID condition as well as for the adoption of preventive measures (e.g., vaccinations, healthy lifestyle) among non-infected individuals. CONCLUSION: Collecting information on multiple health domains (e.g., functional, cognitive, nutritional, social status, mobility, comorbidities, and polypharmacy) provides a better understanding of the intrinsic capacities and resilience of older adults affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The EuGMS SIG on CGA endorses the adoption of the multidimensional approach to guide the clinical management of older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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? The AuthorsThe aims of the study were 1). to investigate the association between the potential risk factors including socio-demographic, lifestyle and DNA methylation and mental disorders in middle-aged women from a large popula...
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? The AuthorsThe aims of the study were 1). to investigate the association between the potential risk factors including socio-demographic, lifestyle and DNA methylation and mental disorders in middle-aged women from a large population-based follow-up study, and 2). to estimate the risk score by combining the potential risk factors to examine the mental disorder's incidence. A total of 6461 women, aged 50–65 years, were included in the study. After a median follow-up of 17 years, 2026 (31%) women were diagnosed with mental disorders. The association between these factors and the risk of mental disorders was analyzed using Cox regression models. Harrell's concordance index (C-index) was used to quantify models' predictive performance for future mental disorders. Blood-based global DNA methylation was assessed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that smoking (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.24–1.54), less physical activity (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10–1.60), being single (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.29) and unemployment (HR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.33–1.70) were independently associated with an increased risk of overall mental disorders. Risk score models combining all these observed factors showed an increased risk, but the prediction ability was low, except for the risk of alcohol use disorders (AUD) and drug use disorders (DUD) (C-index = 0.8). Finally, women who developed MDD/anxiety during follow-up had significantly higher global DNA methylation at baseline than women who did not develop MDD/anxiety (p = 0.005). In conclusion, our results indicate that the studied risk factors were associated with mental disorders in a type-specific manner. The predictive model showed that smoking, alcohol consumption, education and physical activity may predict future AUD/DUD. Global DNA methylation may be a potential risk factor for MDD/anxiety incidence.
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An 88-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of altered mental status and seizures. His electrographic and imaging findings were suggestive of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), for which he was empirically treated with acy...
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An 88-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of altered mental status and seizures. His electrographic and imaging findings were suggestive of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), for which he was empirically treated with acyclovir. He underwent two lumbar punctures 3 days apart; both cerebrospinal fluid analyses tested negative for herpes simplex virus (HSV) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These negative results and his continued deterioration after 9 days of acyclovir therapy prompted treatment with steroids for possible autoimmune encephalitis. Shortly after the change in management, the patient died from cardiac arrest. At autopsy, his brain showed both gross and microscopic evidence of encephalitis and was positive for HSV by immunohistochemistry. This fatal case of HSE emphasizes the limitations of HSV PCR and the importance of clinical suspicion in the diagnosis and management of this disease.
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? 2022Background: Available evidence suggests that mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) may differ among patients with mental disorders compared to the general population. However, whether mtDNA-CN is independently associated ...
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? 2022Background: Available evidence suggests that mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) may differ among patients with mental disorders compared to the general population. However, whether mtDNA-CN is independently associated with the subsequent incidence of mental disorders remains unclear. Material and methods: We used droplet digital PCR to measure the absolute mtDNA-CN in DNA samples obtained from a population-based follow-up study, which included a total of 2354 middle-aged women (52–63 years) who were free of mental disorders at baseline. After 17 years (median) of follow-up, 727 participants were diagnosed with mental disorders. Results: In the univariate Cox regression, lower baseline mtDNA-CN (mtDNA-CN < 117) was associated with a higher risk of mental disorders (HR = 1.16, p = 0.047). In addition, smoking, marital status and sleeping quality were associated with both mtDNA-CN and mental disorders. After adjusting for these variables, the association between mtDNA-CN and mental disorders decreased and became non-significant (HR = 1.07, p = 0.36). Stratification of data according to the subtype of mental disorders, showed that low mtDNA-CN was associated with a higher risk of alcohol or drug use disorders (HR = 1.82, p = 0.045 after adjusting). Conclusion: In the present study, we could not find any independent association between mtDNA-CN blood and the most common mental disorders in a population-based follow-up study of Swedish women, except for alcohol and drug use disorders. The use of blood mtDNA-CN as a biomarker of mental disorders, in addition to other risk factors, needs to be further examined in future studies.
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? 2021It has come to our attention that the name of one of the authors in our manuscript was incorrectly spelled ‘Jinyoung Byan’; the correct spelling is ‘Jinyoung Byun’ as in the author list above. In addition, the excel file...
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? 2021It has come to our attention that the name of one of the authors in our manuscript was incorrectly spelled ‘Jinyoung Byan’; the correct spelling is ‘Jinyoung Byun’ as in the author list above. In addition, the excel files of the supplementary tables were not included during the online publication of our article. These have now been made available online. We apologize for any inconvenience caused.
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